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$2.15

$3.65

$6.85

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Key indicators (most recent values):

Poverty rate at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% population): 52.01% in 2016
Poverty rate at national poverty lines (% of population) 38.20% in 2016
Multidimensional poverty headcount ratio (% of population) 57.37% in 2016
Annualized growth in per capita mean consumption or income (%), circa 2013-2016 0.30% bottom 40% , -0.16% total
Population, total (millions): 14.09 in 2023
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$): $930 in 2022, $980 in 2023
GDP growth (annual %) 8.16% in 2022 8.2% in 2023

Analysis

Learn more about poverty, shared prosperity and inequality trends in Rwanda using the Poverty and Equity Brief.

Poverty and Equity Briefs are two-page country summaries that provide an overview of recent developments in poverty reduction, along with the latest data of key development indicators.

Explore all Poverty and Equity Briefs

Poverty and Inequality Trends:

Poverty

Share of the population and population living in poverty at $2.15 per day (2017 PPP) (2000-2016)Dual-axis chart shows the percentage (left axis) and total population (right axis) living in poverty over time at the selected poverty line. Gaps in the time series represent a break in the comparability between two surveys or data points, due to changes in methodology or other factors. Hover over data points for additional information.

Most recent poverty rate for Rwanda and other countries in the region at $2.15 per day (2017 PPP) (2016)Bar chart compares the poverty rate of the selected country (highlighted in blue) with other countries in the region according to the latest available data. Hover over data points for additional information.

Inequality

Inequality trend (1984-2016)Graph shows changes in inequality over time according to two indices of inequality: Gini and Theil. Gaps in the time series represent a break in the comparability between two surveys or data points, due to changes in methodology or other factors. Hover over data points for additional information.
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Groups in the bottom 40 and top 60 (2016)Chart provides the profile of the bottom 40% and top 60% of the income or consumption distribution using the latest data. The chart does so by reporting the share of individuals with a particular characteristic, involving demographics or geographic location, who are in the bottom 40 or the top 60. Select a group of interest using the drop-down menu.
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Multidimensional Poverty Measure

Multidimensional poverty measure and deprivation by indicatorBar chart shows the percentage of the population experiencing deprivation in non-monetary (education, access to infrastructure) and monetary (per capita income or consumption at the $1.90 poverty line) dimensions over time. The Multidimensional Poverty Measure (MPM) is an index constructed from all three dimensions meant to provide a more complex picture of poverty beyond per capita income or consumption.

Shared Prosperity

Shared prosperity and Shared prosperity premiumBar chart shows shared prosperity (bar), of the growth in real per capita income or consumption of the population in the bottom 40% of its distribution, and the shared prosperity premium (triangle), which is the difference between the growth of the poorest 40 percent and the entire population. Both indicators are important measures of inclusion that are correlated with reductions in poverty and inequality.

Source: World Bank (2025), Poverty and Inequality Platform (version 20240627_2017_01_02_PROD) [data set]. pip.worldbank.org. Accessed on 2025-04-02

Additional Resources:

Macro Poverty Outlook
Poverty and inequality related documents
Other documents